Hot-blast radiator



Patented May 17,1898.

G. I. R'OOKWOOD. HOT BLAST RADIATOR (No Model.)

NITED STATES GEORGE I. ROCKVVOOD, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

HOT-BLAST RADIATO R.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters latent No. 604,217, dated May 17,1898.

Application filed May 28, 1897. Serial No. 638,505. (No model.)

T0 00% whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE I. RocKwooD, a citizen of the United States,residing at Worcester, in the county of Worcester and State ofMassachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Hot-BlastRadiators, of which the following is a specification, accompanied bydrawings forming a part of the same, in which Figure 1 is a sideelevation of a hot-blast radiator embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is anend elevation of the same. Fig. 3is a plan view, partly shown insection; and Fig. 4 is a view in side elevation, on a larger scale, of afew sections of the radiator with their end caps removed.

Similar letters refer to similar parts in the different figures.

The object of my improvement is to increase the efficiency of ahot-blast radiator, and I attain this object by means of theconstruction and arrangement of the parts as hereinafter set forth, anddescribed in the annexed claims.

The radiator shown in the accompanying drawings comprises a series ofheaders each consisting of a cast-metal shell A, divided by alongitudinal vertical partition A into two chambers A and A connectedwith each other by small vertical steam-pipes B, which rise from thechambers A and A and are connected at their upper ends by thereturnfittings B,said pipes forming a radiating-surface as in radiatorsof this class now in common use. The headers A A are alternatelyconnected at opposite ends of the radiator by means of end caps 0,consisting of shells'attached to the ends of theheaders andcommunicating with the chambers inclosed therein, whereby the chamber Aof the first header communicates with the chamber A of the second headerand chamber A of the second with chamber A of the third header, and soon throughout the series. Steam is supplied by means of the supply-pipeD to chamber A of the first header, thence through the pipes 13 into theadjacent chamber A and from this chamber steam passes to chamber A ofthe next header through one of the end caps O, the circulation of steamfrom one header to the next succeeding header being secured by means ofthe end-caps G, which are preferably arranged alternately on oppositeends of the radiator, and the circulation from one chamber to the nextin each header is secured by means of the pipes 13. The chamber A of thelast header is provided with a dischargepipe E, through which the air isexhausted from the radiator.

The water of condensation formed in the Vertical pipes B flows into theheaders A, and is removed therefrom through drip-pipes F, whichcommunicate with the headers and end caps on one side of the radiatorandconduct the water of condensation downward into a common pipe G,havingits end G closed and communicating at its opposite end with thedischarge-pipe E. By this simple arrangement the water which collects inanyheader escapes freely, but the passage of steam is effectuallyprevented,as the pipe G and all the drip-pipes F F are filled with waterup to the level, or thereabout, of the bottom of the escape-pipe E, thusforming an effective water seal to the drip-pipe F at each of theheaders A.

The whole radiator is preferably inclined in the direction of the cornerhaving the discharge-pipe E, so as to facilitate the drainage of waterfrom all the headers to this point,and it is also inclined slightlytoward the side having the drip-pipe F.

The steam admitted to the chamber A of the first header is distributedat once through out the entire length of the chamber, so that it willpass equally through each of the vertical pipes B into the chamber Acausing the radiating-surface of the pipes B in the first header to beequally and uniformly heated; and in order to secure a more uniformdistribution of steam in the chamber A of the first header I preferablyconnect the steam-pipe D with the header at a slight angle to the axisofthe headerfso that the opening between the steam-pipe and the chamber Ais much greater than the area of the cross section of the pipe andextends from one end of the header to its central portion. Thearrangement of the end cup 0 alternately at opposite ends of the headersalso facilitates the distribution of steam throughout the entire lengthof the headers, so that a uniform and equal flow of steam is practicallysecured through all the vertical pipes Bin each successive header. Asall the drip-pipes F are effectually sealed by Water when the radiatoris in use the steam is caused to flow from one end to the otheruniformly and equally through all the series of vertical pipes 13,connecting the adjacent chambers in each of the headers, thereby causingall the radiating-surface of the vertical pipes in each header to beuniformly heated.

The distribution of heat to all the radiating-surfaces causes the airwhich passes over them to become uniformly heated.

When the air-pump is applied to the discharge-pipe E to remove the airfrom the radiator, the steam is prevented from making a short circuitthrough the drip-pipes into the partial vacuum produced by the air-pump,thereby obviating the back pressure which would retard the flow of steamthrough the pipes B.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination of a series of headers inclosing steam-chambersarranged in pairs, steam pipes connecting the chambers in each pair, anddisposed above the level of said chambers, with a steam-chamber in onepair communicating with a steam-chamber in the next adjacent pair,drip-pipes leading downward from each of said chambers discharging intoa common pipe or header, a pipe or header having its discharge at ahigher level than the lowest point of said drip-pipes, and a steam-pipeand a dischargepipe at opposite ends of said series of headers,substantially as described.

2. The combination of a series of headers inclosing steam-chambers andarranged in pairs, a steam-pipe by which steam is admitted to the firstin said series, radiating-pipes connecting said chambers in series, adischarge-pipe by which air is withdrawn from the last in said series,and drip-pipes leading downward from each of said chambers and providedwith a water seal, substantially as described.

3. The combination of a series of headers inclosing steam-chambersconnected alternately at opposite ends of said headers, steampipesextending upward from each alternate chamber and returning to the nextadjacent chamber, and drip-pipes connecting each of said chambers with acommon discharge-pipe, a discharge-pipe receiving said drip-pipes andhaving its discharge at a higher level, a steam-pipe by which steam isadmitted to the first header and a discharge-pipe by which air iswithdrawn from the last header in said series, substantially asdescribed.

4. The combination of a series of headers inclosing steam chambers,radiating pipes connecting said chambers, a steam-pipe admitting steamto the first header, a dischargepipe through which air is withdrawn fromthe last header, drip-pipes connecting each of said headers wit-h acommon pipe or header at a lower level, and a' pipe or headercommunicating with said air-discharge pipe at a higher level,substantially as described.

5. The combination of a series of headers A, each inclosing a pair ofsteam-chambers A and A steam-pipes B, connecting the chambers in each ofsaid headers, passages connecting one of the chambers in said headerswith a chamber in the adjacent header, drip-pipes F leading downward toa common water-discharge pipe G, an air-discharge pipe E communicatingwith the last chamber in the series and also with the water-dischargepipe G and a steam-pipe through which steam is admitted to the firstchamber in the series, substantially as described.

Dated this 24th day of May, 1897.

GEORGE I. ROCKWVOOD.

VVit-nesses:

RUFUS B. FOWLER, M. 0. PRICE.

